psia snow pros. Continuing Education Units (CEUs): 30 (5 days) OR 18 (3 days) Lodging: Book on your own. psia snow pros

 
 Continuing Education Units (CEUs): 30 (5 days) OR 18 (3 days) Lodging: Book on your ownpsia snow pros The Mickey Thompson Baja Boss A/T is offered in a load range D (35X12

Snow Blowers e-Transportation All E-Transportation. Nancy Oakes Hall Scholarship Neck Gaiter. 0 MIMEDIR//EN VERSION:2. The first experience with your first teacher is life-changing. Bridgestone Weatherpeak is one of the latest all-weather tires on the market. Thursday November 9, 2023. Best Insulated Snowboard Jacket: Flylow Men. Title: Activation for Skiing – Event Date Past. In dry conditions, the safety is ensured at the common speed on town roads or even harder than that. A Renewed look at the science of skiing adds depth and clarity to the technical message, and offers a simple and consistent base of knowledge to help you. Electric start (ATD only) $3899* (AT) / $4099* (ATD) Powerful, easy to start Honda GX engine. Quiet Ride. The M/T features Falken’s proprietary three-ply DURASPEC™ Sidewall Technology developed to sustain the most punishing off-road conditions. Following PSIA-AASI doctrine in new-hire training is a good idea for a mul­titude of reasons. SKU: 19560. Symmetrical. Large protruding sidewall pattern improves impact resistance and traction in deeper snow or off-road conditions. Create awareness around the kinetic chain. Quick view. Pressure washing a dirty surface can be satisfying to watch,. Describe a teaching or learning experience that sticks out in your mind. 963. PSIA-AASI, Lakewood, Colorado. Variable snow conditions, bumps, and altitude are commonly encountered at many The North Face Pro Industry US/Canada (Outdoor industry (non retailer), green government, guides) APPLY NOW PSIA-AASI, the Professional Ski Instructors of America and American Association of Snowboard Instructors is a nonprofit association dedicated to promoting skiing and snowboarding through instruction. R = rain load on the undeflected roof, in psi or KN/m 2. O. Myth: Using nitrogen in tires makes them “maintenance free” so there is no longer any need to check the tire pressures. PSIA-NW. Ski:IQ™ was developed with world-class instructors and is an average of 13 powerful metrics within the categories of balance, edging, pressure and rotation. Print/PDF map. the Contour Reduced Size, is a slightly smaller version of the original with a refined silhouette, made for core skiers and snowboarders who have smaller-than-average faces and want gorgeous frameless style. m. Overheads, cockpit thwarts, Aft cabin door frame. The Professional Ski Instructors of America and the American Association of Snowboard Instructors (PSIA-AASI) is the world’s largest organization dedicated to teaching people how to ski and snowboard. Read 32 Degrees to find: How-to articles specific to disciplines and lesson. Come rain, shine, and even snow, the Firestone Destination LE3 tires keep you cruising no matter what the weather throws at them. Over 50 Ski Resorts! With 50+ ski resorts throughout New York State, there is bound to be a mountain close by! Some even have night skiing and tubing and many have great ski deals available. After a day of ski and snowboard demos, inline skate-to-ski. Official Supplier Après Party an Annual Academy Highlight Falling snow, an open-air DJ, and hundreds of happy instructors painted the perfect scene for PSIA-AASI’s annual Official Supplier Après Party – hosted by Leki at National Academy in Big Sky, Montana, on Thursday night. 76 GPM (gallons per minute, a measurement of water flow). TNF Canyonlands Hoodie Shady Blue PSIA Logo - Men's. Teaching Snowsports replaces 2008’s update of Core Concepts for Snowsports Instructors as the preeminent education manual for all snow pros, regardless of the discipline you teach or lesson specialty. So, it’s an effective solution if ponding water is an issue or if your roof is in a wet climate. conditions – to evaluate instructor competency as outlined in these PSIA Cross Country Certification Standards. Kevin and Ryan will be hosting the Inclusive Snowsports Group Facilitation webinar. PSIA-AASI members teach an average of 20 days a winter and see a minimum of 8 students a day. 8,723 Followers, 700 Following, 1,554 Posts - See Instagram photos and videos from PSIA-AASI (@thesnowpros)Cazenovia Ski Club. All-Season Tread Pattern. Best Snow Blowers . 0Following 1Followers. m. Women in Snowsports; 60th Anniversary; Awards & Recognition; Foundation & Gifts; How We Operate; Meet Us. Sun and clouds mixed. Leave your surfaces pristine by removing tar and grease, heavy mildew. Whether you want to enjoy snow-white slopes 24/7 for yourself or you would like to give your customers an authentic and. It’s smaller than a normal tire, so it’s not designed to be used as a regular tire. . It provides premium comfort and a smooth drive without making any noise for the SUV, crossover, and light truck drivers. 963. For more: Overall Michelin LTX M/S2 Tire Reviews in Great Detail Michelin Ltx A/T2 Test Drive. Snow Pro Library helps you become a better ski or snowboard instructor. Registration: Open to PSIA Certified Members. Every four years, thirty men and women are chosen to represent the association following a rigorous selection process. Teaching is at the core of what we do as human beings. Whereas you might run 60+ pounds per square inch (psi) for a road bike, 40+ psi for a hybrid, and 20+ psi for a mountain bike, fat bikes allow you to ride with as little as 5 to 10 psi in your tires. When you join PSIA-AASI, you also become a member of your local PSIA-AASI region. Anything else your fellow snow pros should know about you? Share Your Story Here. 0 1. Ryan Christofferson*. ORG National Team Professional Development Plan: Gregory Dixon Congratulations to the 2021-24 PSIA-AASI National Team for all the work they’ve done promoting, supporting, and assisting with the development of PSIA-AASI education materials, programs, and activities at all levels. PSIA-AASI, the Professional Ski Instructors of America and American Association of Snowboard Instructors is a nonprofit association dedicated to promoting skiing and snowboarding through. Five adjustable nozzles included. Superior ride and handling thanks to independent rear suspension; Unique two-way tailgate and large lockable in-bed trunk; Sophisticated all-wheel-drive system provides multi-surface tractionSaturday October 21, 2023. org. Continue with group or “Self-coaching: managing stress and competition in a helpful way” – Mermer Blakeslee, PSIA-AASI National Team Alumni Hosting Awesome Women’s Events– Heidi Ettlinger: Demo Team Alumni; Gear focus– Leslie Baker-Brown and Barclay. PSIA-AASI First Chair Podcast host George Thomas discusses the off-season benefits of mountain biking with PSIA Alpine Team member Kevin Jordan and shares how professional instructors can take advantage of member-specific pricing on Official Supplier Hestra’s quality glove. The great thing about this tire is its self-cleaning ability. Visit its official website to learn more about its. org . 0 Load Capacity (% of max. 41 lbs. About Us. Firestone’s Destination A/T2 starts at $236 a tire in the Ridgeline’s 245/60 R18 tire size. PSIA-AASI Chief Executive Officer Peggy Hiller said the annual event is a unique opportunity. All proceeds go to. With Carv, you’ll get objective data on your technique and match the feeling of your skiing with the numbers behind. PSIA-AASI thesnowpros. Pros / Sizes available, race proven toughness (especially rubber compound and sidewalls), quiet, smooth rolling, longevity, 6-year warranty. Resists aquaplaning. Poland’s clinic focused on how to use very simple tools to: Enhance body performance. This might sound like an average warranty to the potential. 03. Rating Required. The presentation on Alpine Skills and Fundamentals. Photopsias usually appear as: flickering lights. The unit is relatively lightweight at 29 pounds, with a decibel level of 88 during operation. O. Or give us a call at 866-961-8668 to. Listen to Peggy’s podcast now. You'll find job postings, pro offers, your member account, articles and more. Bristol Mountain. It delivers outstanding wet and dry traction as well as excellent traction in ice and snow. PSIA-AASI regions support you on the regional level and hold events including training clinics and certification exams. 5 / 5. These two events offered participants a chance to ride with members of the 2021-24 PSIA-AASI National Team. “Having the team at Vail created a huge buzz and excitement,” said Francis. Current Level I PSIA-AASI (or equivalent) Certification, and 2 years industry experience is required. ) 100 100 100 100 100 100 MICHELIN USA Car Tires Find Tires by Season, Category, or Family. In fact, where many all-terrain tires have noise levels listed as a. Let’s explore some of the pros & cons of this tire below: Pros. You will also enjoy a smooth, quiet and comfortable ride, even on rough surfaces. Comments Required. Send. Tire Size Stock Number Tread Depth (1/32 in) Overall Dia (in) Inflated Dimensions Overall Width (in) Inflated Dimensions Approved Rim Width Range Min-(Measuring)-Max (in) Maximum Load (lbs. On snow supervision of Snowsports operation experience is a plus. FILTER BY. Official Supplier Après Party an Annual Academy Highlight Falling snow, an open-air DJ, and hundreds of happy instructors painted the perfect scene for PSIA-AASI’s annual Official Supplier Après Party – hosted by Leki at National Academy in Big Sky, Montana, on Thursday night. BP12 Single Stage Electric Pump With Battery. 0 MIMEDIR//EN VERSION:2. Join the Pro Program Salomon, Atomic, Peak Performance & Armada Skis for exclusive benefits!PSIA-AASI, the Professional Ski Instructors of America and American Association of Snowboard Instructors is a nonprofit association dedicated to promoting skiing and snowboarding through instruction. Reliability. Starting is easy - even in cold weather. Pirelli Scorpion AS Plus 3: Best SUV All-Season Tire. Or, come take a lesson from us — friends don’t let friends teach friends. The reason for such a wide pricing range is that installation/labor costs can vary widely from. Oregon, where fellow snow pros from Mt. PSIA-AASI is currently updating all certification standards to meet the changing needs of our snowsports education environment. PSIA-AASI Eastern Region Phone (518) 452-6095 Fax (518) 452-6099 5 Columbia Circle Albany, NY 12203 psia-e(at)psia-e. Play over 320 million tracks for free on SoundCloud. Intermountain Region. Home / Collections / The Snow Pros x Revo. Safety. The tire pressure ranges listed in this chart are our recommendations for new riders. 32 Degrees Magazine. PSIA-AASI is currently updating all certification standards to meet the changing needs of our snowsports education environment. High near 30F. Check Latest Price. In softer. Inclusive Snowsport Group Facilitation Webinar. 50R20 tire on a 20×12 wheel would need to run at least 20 psi on the trail to be safe. org Mailing Address: P. ️THE SNOW PROS ️ 📚Create Lifelong Adventures Through Education 🏔️Become a better on-snow teacher 💙Turn your. It was so impressive to see how elite athletes can adapt their skill sets to meet the demands of PSIA-AASI’s level III certification. Best Overall Snowshoes: MSR Lightning Ascent. Text or Phone: (206) 244-8541 Email: info@psia-nw. PSIA-AASI truly understands the guest experience, and we have a ton to offer our peers from outside the US on this subject. View YouTube Video. At about $300 to $800, a plow attachment can cost nearly as much as a decent snow blower. Particularly, there is a decrease in the tire’s mojo when it runs on wet ground. Electric Go-Karts. Snow Pro Library helps you become a better ski or snowboard instructor. St James's. As the team enters its final season, team coaches and members reflect on the work they’ve done Interski 2023: Lyndsey Stevens Will Study Teaching Methods. contain at least 1 (one) special character (@%+\/'!#$^?:*, () [] {}~-_. The 2024 Trax "hits the sweet spot" packing in lots of important details which matter, and cutting costs on things that dont matter. star_rate. Winds NW at 5 to 10 mph. Jonathan Ballou*. orgThank you, PSIA-AASI, for paying it forward to our mountain and creating so many new snow pros!” Submit your application and materials for the scholarship by, or before, 11:59 p. com. Oversight of PSIA-NW softgoods, merchandise and technical book sales. Available in 45 sizes and covering 90% of the luxury touring market, the Michelin Primacy MXM4 is a fuel-efficient tire. Snow Road Performance. Share This Post,. First name * Last name * Gender Gender * Ethnicity Ethnicity * Date of birth * Email * Phone number * Optional international. The PSIA-AASI National Team attends to present their latest teaching techniques and get insight into new ideas to bring back home to members. PSIA-AASI Webinars Check out these upcoming webinars from PSIA-AASI! Please review this Virtual Meeting & Webinar Etiquette Guide. Fill out the profile form for a chance to be featured here on thesnowpros. We’re Social. Our Kid’s Passport programs offer everything to ski or ride, and our Adaptive Ski Programs help everyone, regardless of ability, get outside and enjoy alpine sports. The Level 3 instructor has been certified to teach all levels of skiers and riders. LAKEWOOD, Colo. 1. The Professional Ski Instructors of America and the American Association of Snowboard Instructors (PSIA-AASI) is a nonprofit education association – and close-knit community – of more than 32,000. We also know the amount and intensity of snowfall in our part of the country varies each year. 99. Unlock your technique. 9 miElevation gain 3,395 ftRoute type Out & back. 6x9" 264 pages. The low pump RPM makes for longer life - you're sure to get the best usage out of this one. We take the time to test each product in the field while hiking, biking, and exploring through all sorts of rain. Also, it’s engineered to dampen road noise, thus providing a quiet, smooth and comfortable ride. The PSIA-AASI National Team sets the standard for American snowsports instruction and embodies the ski and snowboard experience. Please note that this offer is valid for PSIA-AASI members only and is non-transferrable. 2. Certifications: AASI Snowboard Level 3 PSIA-AASI Children's Specialist 2. 60 – Save 8%. They develop and promote strategies and best practices to educate on the topics of age, ability, disability, ethnic origin and nationality, racial, religious, social, sexual, and gender diversity. org Fax: (206) 241-2885. The KR217 is the 2nd generation of our popular series offering dependability and safety at an incredible value. 09. To connect with Peggy Hiller or Eliza Kuntz, contact Katrina Brinkerhoff at 720. 00 per square foot installed. Your region will be automatically determined by the school you are connected with. Continental CrossContact LX25. Event: Women’s Virtual Summit (ONLINE) More information on the Women’s Virtual Summit will be released in the coming weeks. PSIA-AASI members have major purchasing power and are primary Our national team and other PSIA-AASI education leaders have done an exceptional job of sharing the experience of Interski through social media, education staff training, on-snow member clinics, and 32 Degrees. Ride comfort is well addressed with a rating of 8. Inflation Increase (psi) 0. 500 percent flexibility. Pros. Candidates should be aware that the standards are the PSIA standards that the Snow Sports Industry recognizes as the top of the profession. Fox's final post featured a series of photos of herself as well as a video of an envelope being burned in a. About Us. PSIA-AASI is all about community, so share your tips for other instructors to connect and help others excel. Share This Post, Choose Your Platform! Facebook Twitter Reddit. . 2:30 – 4 p. Pro Offers Shop Pro Offers About. Cons. THESNOWPROS. PSIA-AASI has a combined membership of more than 32,500 members. 100-120 PSI. 45 - $270. 2 32 REES THE JOURNAL OF PROFESSIONAL SNOWSPORTS INSTRUCTION. Ski Team. Diversity, Equity & Inclusion. Tusk Terrabite Sizes and Pricing. Click here to log in and gain access. If you’re a certified member – a PSIA-AASI member who is certified in adaptive, alpine, cross country, snowboard, or telemark – you need to obtain at least six (6) Continuing Education Units (CEU's) every membership year. – 7 p. It’s designed to deliver adequate traction and control in dry, wet and snowy conditions, combined with long wear life. Michelin CrossClimate 2 offers a 60,000-mile warranty to its buyer. You don’t need to buy any new parts. TikTok video from The Snow Pros (@thesnowpros): "Fun in the freshies with the PSIA-AASI National Team. PSIA-AASI, the Professional Ski Instructors of America and American Association of Snowboard Instructors is a nonprofit association dedicated to promoting skiing and snowboarding through instruction. Secondarily, tire noise levels need to be mitigated as much as possible. New York Has It All! SKI NY offers a variety of ways for everyone – from beginners to experts – to get outside and on the slopes. See our participation list for. In addition, this will lead to more creativity in our lessons to push us into the future of snow sports. Registration deadline: Sunday, February 18. Bridgestone Blizzak DM-V2 : Best Winter. the Exo Grappler ® AWT’s sipes and large lateral grooves provide biting edges as well as water and snow/slush evacuation. 2 GPM to effectively blast through dirt Can be used horizontally and vertically Includes 25 and 40-degree quick connect tips Cons: Doesn't include a zero-degree tip for tough. The brand-new Teaching Children Snowsports: Alpine Field Guide is available now as a print edition, digital download, or multi-format bundle. First of all, it is the ability to grip the road on a variety of terrains. Western. Edmunds' Expert Rating. ️THE SNOW PROS ️ 📚Create Lifelong Adventures Through Education 🏔️Become a better on-snow teacher 💙Turn your. Toyo claims the Celsius stops up to 14 feet shorter on snow and eight feet shorter on ice than a conventional all-season tire. Continuing Education Units (CEUs): 30 (5 days) OR 18 (3 days) Lodging: Book on your own. 16, 2022 . You may also look for jobs in your region by clicking the links below. These riding mowers deliver a superior quality cut, with Air Induction™ technology, and versatile performance, with our range of mowing accessories - all in a compact and easy-to-maneuver design. PSIA-AASI Snow Pros has not provided a biography. Tire Weight. It indicates that there should be a decent mix of convenience, durability, and efficiency. Kelly LevitasDigital Learning Manager. The product seems to perform badly on the slippery road on rainy days. The MPG has ranged between 41-45 mpg in suburban driving and 35-39 mpg on the Interstate measured at the pump. Congratulations to the 2021-24 PSIA-AASI National Team for all the work they’ve done promoting, supporting, and assisting with the development of PSIA-AASI education materials, programs, and activities at all levels. With a six-gallon tank, it boasted a max psi of 147—slightly lower than the stated 150 psi. ** SPOT INSURANCE OFFER$25k injury coverage. org Congratulations to the 2021-24 PSIA-AASI National Team for all the work they’ve done promoting, supporting, and assisting with the development of PSIA-AASI education materials, programs, and activities at all levels. CONTACT PSIA-NW. Photopsias are defined as an effect on the vision that causes appearances of anomalies in the vision. Schiller Park, IL (60176) warning53 °F Fair. This opens a window in which you’ll enter your PSIA-AASI log-in details: Once you’re logged in, publications to which you have access. Get teaching, skiing, and riding tips on the go. Best Snowshoes for Beginners: Tubbs Xplore Kit. Facilitating the PSIA-certification process for coaches and athletes of the U. Start by practicing your first turns on a flat area by using your poles to propel yourself forward. 5" Overall Diameter. Capable of inflating a 35-inch tire up to 30 psi in under 6 minutes, the VIAIR 400P is a great lightweight and portable compressor, perfect for those who like to spend their time exploring off the given path. Part Number. National Certification Standards. There are then more than 20 different types of member groups that work together to govern our association. Katrina Brinkerhoff 2022-09-29T16:00:05-06:00. Able to think quick, create relationships with the staff and make non-judgmental assessments/decisions about staff usage. MT, this clinic will focus on. LAKEWOOD, Colo. D. Runner-Up Best Snowshoes: Atlas Montane Snowshoes. Alpine. Catamount Ski Area. Featured Pro - View Details. Junior size 7 and unisex size 7 is not the same size as they follow different size ranges. Interski 2023: Jeb Boyd on Education Opportunities. Learn more about our participating mountains, and stay safe on. 26 Likes, TikTok video from The Snow Pros (@thesnowpros): "🏔️ Watch the PSIA-AASI National Team Opening Day run in Levi, Finalnd! #interski2023 #SnowPros #Snowsports #education #PSIA #AASI". S. To progress from beginner (green) to advanced (black) runs. PSIA-AASI certified Alpine Level 3, Snowboard Level 1, Cross Country Level 1, Telemark Level 1, CS2, FS1, Eastern Alpine Examiner and Children’s Examiner; National Ski Patrol member. Price: $1,200. Why PSIA-AASI Official Suppliers Support. 0 METHOD:PUBLISH X-MS-OLK-FORCEINSPECTOROPEN:TRUE BEGIN:VEVENT CLASS:PUBLIC DESCRIPTION: SPOT INSURANCE OFFER$25k injury coverage. Choice Hotels Discount. Check out these. PSIA-AASI Eastern Region Phone (518) 452-6095 Fax (518) 452-6099 5 Columbia Circle Albany, NY 12203 psia-e(at)psia-e. You need higher-quality replacement models to operate your vehicle more efficiently and safely. WILDPEAK M/T. (PSI): 3085 @ 80 Weight: 51. SKU: 154. Remember, PSIA-AASI’s fantastic Official Suppliers and sponsors work with you and your fellow snow pros because of the expertise and professionalism you all share when teaching others to ski and snowboard. Part 5: Making Your First Turns. It brings accurate performance and steering response. To go the PSIA-AASI National website click below. After reading several Vercelli Tire reviews on their most popular models, there are several pros worth pointing out. Full Time. 28-34 PSI. The American Snowsports Education Association (ASEA) is the professional organization for ski and snowboard instructors in the US. It was so impressive to see how elite athletes can adapt their skill sets to meet the demands of PSIA-AASI’s level III certification. 25 mm orifices. 34 LT245/75R17 E 121/118Q Tech Specs Stock Number: 206940. Donations may be dropped off on Saturday Dec 9 by noon at Oak Mountain. Download Snow Pros and enjoy it on your iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch. Level 3 – Gold. “Our pros got to meet team members. Control pressure from ski to ski and direct pressure toward the outside ski. Have a Performer code or want to join the 2024 program?The 2023-24 Passport Program Is Here! The SKI NY Passport Program-Kids Ski Free* is back for the 2023-24 Season! This year the pass the pass returns with more ski areas accepting it during holiday periods! Like in the past the Passport is valid seven days a week except for holiday periods at certain ski areas as noted. Depending on the grade, thickness, and the overall quality of slate tiles, expect to pay between $7. A BF Goodrich KO2 review is overdue as we’ve been using them to travel nearly 75,000 miles with them, on three continents through smooth and not so smooth tarmac, rocky mountain passes, sandy deserts, muddy rivers and sharp rocky sections. 24 GPM of water flow. Our membership program allows outdoor professionals and industry partners to receive discounts and provide feedback to help us build better products. Congratulations to 30, 40, 50 and 60-Year Members. Central Region. Robin Barnes*. home. Logging nearly 6,000 miles on these tires from Texas to Montana gave us the opportunity to drive through rain, snow, light mud, dirt and plenty of regular highway miles and all-in-all we couldn’t be more pleased with how they performed and how they’ve worn. All photos (0). Box 615 Wenatchee, WA 98807PSIA-AASI, Lakewood, Colorado. Bill Adams Teaches Skiing at Whitetail Resort 10+ years of membership. This program introduces youngProhub is the online platform for PSIA-AASI members to access exclusive benefits, discounts, and resources. For example, a skier that is 6’ tall will want to look for skis between 170cm and 190cm. 1,000 to 1,800 psi for electrics. Choose Your Space. $138. Ryan Christofferson*. The donut tire is also known as the temporary spare tire. Tips from snow pros from across the Northwest. Best Overall. Lessons are led by instructors certified by the PSIA (Professional Ski Instructors of America) and AASI (American Association of Snowboard Instructors), and our Mountain School Director is a certified member of the PSIA Development Team. Rocky Mountain. As the team enters its final season, team coaches and members reflect on the work they’ve done for PSIA Alpine Team member Ann Schorling will take center stage at Interski 2023 in Levi, Finland, tonight, presenting her keynote address on Increasing Gender Equity in Snowsports Instruction. The Firestone Destination LE3 is a generally good all-season tire with great performance and handling for the price. The Sun Joe SPX3000 is an outstanding pressure washer—as long as you go into it with reasonable expectations. See how to teach better lessons -- your students and supervisor will thank you! Features: • Deepen your knowledge by watching. Pounds per square inch, PSI, are the basic units used in measuring Tire pressure in UTVs. ** SPOT INSURANCE OFFER$25k injury coverage. By Clark Tate ⋅ Senior Review Editor ⋅ Jun 26, 2023. Former PSIA-AASI Alpine Team member Jennifer Weier | #interski2023Roxanne - Instrumental - Califa Azul. Katrina Brinkerhoff 2023-02-16T14:54:49-07:00. You can pick up CEUs. This translates to a load capacity difference of. DIVISION. PSIA & AASI - The Snow Pros. On the other hand, sections of South Dakota get lots of snow, but it tends to be very light. This week on the boat refit I catch up on a few projects. The characteristics of this tire assist all types of trucks, larger or smaller SUVs, and even most crossover vehicles. CEP Ski Ultralight Compression Sock - Men's. THESNOWPROS. Most commonly attached to freestyle skiers and backcountry powder. 30 TELE TATI Help Students Turn with Tepo eore pg. To be your best, by learning from the best. Pros: Exterior re-design - This is a sharp car. 1 mm and 1.